THE IMPORTANT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AREAS PRONE TO USER ROAD ACCIDENT BASED GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM

THE IMPORTANT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AREAS PRONE TO USER ROAD ACCIDENT BASED GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM

I Dewa Gede Tantara Tesa Putra

Taruna DIV Manajemen Keselamatan Transportasi Jalan

Politeknik Keselamatan Transportasi Jalan

Jl. Semeru No. 3 Tegal

Telp. 081902565904

tessa_hyuga@yahoo.co.id

Abstract

Problems Safety Traffic is an issue that is very important to note, given the magnitude of deaths caused by traffic accidents and damages arising from traffic accidents. In Indonesia alone, according to data obtained from the Police Department, there are 30 people per day die from traffic accidents lintas.atau in other words, every year 10,000 people died in 13,000 cases have been traffic accidents. Sragen is the border of Central Java, East Java and many vehicles to drive inter-city inter-provincial cross both heavy vehicles and light vehicles. Based on the analysis and discussion that has been done it could be concluded as follows accident-prone location determination is known that the point of the accident-prone locations on roads Sragen is at 2,716 km near Harmony, at km 3.508 next intersection Post Offices and at km 4.327 near Bank BNI. The compilation of the database point of the accident-prone locations can facilitate updating the data, process and analyze the data so that it helps the policy holder to take steps to dealing with the point of the accident-prone locations. The identification of the point of the accident-prone locations that were examined, the handling can be done is to equip facilities road equipment includes street lighting (PJU), intersection warning signs, speed limit signs and signs for restrictions to stop.

Keywords: Bina Marga Method, Blackspot, Geografis Information Sistem

INTRODUCTION

 Problems Safety Traffic is an issue that is very important to note, given the magnitude of deaths caused by traffic accidents and damages arising from traffic accidents. Traffic accidents according to the Law of the Republic of Indonesia No. 22 of 2009 on Traffic and Road Transport is an event in the unanticipated and unintended involve vehicles with or without other road users which resulted in human casualties and / or loss of property. Traffic accidents are one of the biggest social problems in the world especially in developing countries. Developing countries accident rate can be 20 times higher than developed countries. In fact, according to the WHO, Kecelelakaan traffic is one of the leading causes of death in the world and is predicted to be ranked 5th in 2030 if not addressed immediately. For Southeast Asia, the World Health Organization (WHO) states that every hour there were about 34 people died in an accident on the highway. The costs resulting from accidents in Southeast Asia is expected to reach 14 billion US dollars. WHO predicts that, in the next two decades, this number will increase 144 percent, and became the highest in the region of WHO.

In Indonesia alone, according to data obtained from the Police Department, there are 30 people per day die from traffic accidents in other words, every year 10,000 people died in 13,000 cases have been traffic accidents. The high death toll and injuries have led to losses of about Rp 660 million. In fact, the economic losses due to reduced productivity as a result of 13 399 cases of traffic accidents in 2003, is estimated to reach Rp. 85.8 billion.

Sragen is the border of Central Java, East Java and many vehicles to drive inter-city inter-provincial cross both heavy vehicles and light vehicles. Geographically road which is the Sragen Sragen regency, located in the eastern part of the city of Solo, and is an area of ​​considerable potential on the movement of traffic flow. As a consequence of these circumstances, the movement of traffic on roads Sragen from year to year has increased. With the increasing activities of daily activities - the public will have an impact on driving activities that will result in the high incidence of traffic accidents that occur on these roads.

According to the traffic accident data from Sragen Police in 2014 recorded the number of occurrences of traffic accidents with 717 victims died as many as 99 victims, 26 victims of severe injuries, minor injuries as much as 711 casualties and material losses reached Rp. 492,500,000.00. As for the roads included in Blacksite Sragen rank 3 and the carrying amount of the incidence of traffic accidents in 2014 were 98 victims died at 17, had severe injuries and 21 minor injuries as much as 67. It is therefore necessary to attempt to reduce the number of accidents, as an initial step necessary to determine accident prone points (black spot).

Determination of the accident-prone areas should ideally take into account historical data (Agus, 2011). There is currently no systematic data points prone to accidents (blackspot) in Sragen Sragen especially roads. Therefore, it needs to be made database to facilitate information retrieval accident accident-prone locations. The database-based Geographic Information System (GIS) has been widely used in facilitating the performance of the policy holder. Based on this it is necessary Design and build information retrieval accident-prone location-based Geographic Information System so that road users can know which areas are potentially lead to accidents.

  

LITERATURE REVIEW

Understanding Accident

Traffic accidents according to the Law of the Republic of Indonesia No. 22 of 2009 on Road Traffic and Transport chapter 1 verse 24 is an event in the unanticipated and unintended involve vehicles with or without other road users which resulted in human casualties and / or loss of property.

Indonesian Government Regulation No. 43 of 1993 Article 93 paragraph (1) of the Infrastructure and Road Traffic states that a traffic accident is an event in the way that unexpected and unintentional involve vehicles with or without other road users, resulting in human casualties or loss of property.

Accident Prone Locations

Location or site are certain areas that include meeting roads, access points and roads are short. By length seemed prone to accidents (hazardous sites) can be grouped into two (Agus, 2011), namely:

a. Black site / section is a road traffic accident-prone.

b. Black spot is a point on the road prone to traffic accidents (0.03 kilometer up to 1.0 kilometers).

Database (Data Base)

Data is a set of symbols organized and represented / represents an object or objects. While that is a data base or data base is a combination of some of the data that is processed and organized in such a way, so we get a relationship or the relationship between the data and can be used simultaneously by several users of the application.

The database is needed because the data can be translated into an application program, compared to data obtained or processed separately respectively. Comprehensive access control and manipulation of data can be performed by an application program. A database can be generated or maintained in either manual or computerized.

Geographic Information Systems

Geographic Information Systems (GIS abbreviated as Geographic Information System) is a specialized information system that manages data having spatial information (spatial berefrensi). Or in a more narrow sense, is a computer system that has the ability to build, store, manage and display berefrensi geographic information, such as data identified according to location, in a database. The practitioners also includes people who build and operate and the data as part of this system (pelagic, 2011).

Geodatabase

A geodatabase is a database management system that contains a collection of spatial data that represents geographic innformasi, from the data model Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are common such as raster, topology, and other networks (pelagic, 2011). Geodatabase feature class consisting of (spatial) and the table (non-spatial). Feature classes in a geodatabase can be either a single feature or individuals and is structured as feature datasets. Sub-system is run in ArcCatalog.

RESEARCH METHODS

Research sites

Sragen lies between 110 045 '- 111 010' east longitude and 7015 '- 7030' south latitude. The area of ​​Sragen is 941.55 km2 with the boundaries of Sragen regency is north Grobogan, south of Karanganyar, west Boyolali and east Ngawi. Sragen is geographically located on the main route Solo - Surabaya. This district is the main gate east of Central Java Province, directly adjacent to the East Java province.

Design Research Process

From the design of the research process created a flowchart to illustrate the stages of what is being done in this study. Figure flowchart can be seen in Figure 1.

Figure 1. Flow Chart.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Siting Accident Prone

Stages performed on Weighting Method Highways (Nurmala, 2009):

a.       Make tabulation of accidents per km

Accident data sorted by kilometer smallest to the greatest kilometers.

b.      Make tabulation weighting Highways per road segment

Tabulation weighting of Highways made by giving points based on the level of fatality victims, where the victim died by points 10, seriously injured by 5 points, and the last minor injuries were given points 1. The weighting is given based fatality accident victims occurs at an accident scene in an event means that if there are victims died as one, and two minor injuries then the event will be given 10 points, in this case only the victim died just seen while minor injuries ignored.

c.       Make a weighting diagram of Highways per road segment

Weighting diagram of Highways per road segment is a combination of a number of points of Highways and road segments are divided per km.

d.      Determining Accident Prone Area

Of weighting diagram of Highways per segment further road accident-prone locations to be determined which is the location with the greatest weight. Incident location data represented by the data km initial and final km, as well as the number of victims that includes the victim died of severe injuries, and the victim died as shown in the following table:

Table 1. Data Accident in Sragen 2014

               Furthermore, the weighting is based on the severity of the victim as shown the table below:

Table 2. Weighting Based on Severity Victims in Sragen 2014

               From the data weighting based on the severity of victims are shown in Table 2 next graphed as shown drawing the graph below:

Figure 2. Diagram Weight Per Cut Road Accidents

From the results of this weighting can be concluded that the black spots on roads Sragen, there is at 3 points, namely Cut Road 3 (km 2-3), cut the road 4 (km 3-4) and cut the road 5 (km 4-5), p this is because these sites have a high accident weight than the other sites. Furthermore Based on the weighting of black spots, will be identified by conducting surveys directly to the site of the accident-prone, the survey was conducted on the survey inventory of the location of the accident-prone, as well as interviews with local residents in order to obtain the location of the accident-prone more specific in order to do the handling of point-prone locations accident.

Accident Prone Location Identification Point

               Highway Sragen is one of secondary arterial roads in Sragen the effective width of 14 meters, traffic flow system with 4 lanes 2 lanes without a median (4/2 UD), and a path length of 8.6 kilometers. On the roads there Sragen potentially accident-prone locations including the km 2 - km 3 km 3 -4 and km 4 - 5 km.

Figure 3. Roads Sragen

As a result of the identification of locations of the accident-prone is at km 2-km 3 (km 2.716), km 3-km 4 (km 3.508), at km 4-km 5 (km 4.327) with descriptions for accidents that often occur are as following:

a.       At 2,716 km that is near Harmony occurred 6 accidents by type of accident collision dominated by front - side and front - back to the time the accident occurred predominantly at night and early morning. While the perpetrator of the accident involving a motorcycle with buses, trucks to buses, cars to trucks.

b.      At km 3.508 which was signalized intersection in front of the post office happened 11 accidents by type of accident collision dominated by front - side, by the time the accident occurred predominantly in the morning and afternoon. While the perpetrator of the accident involving a motorcycle with a motorcycle and a car with a motorcycle.

c.       At km 4.327 is near Bank BNI happened five accidents by type of accident collision dominated by front - side and front - the front, by the time the accident occurred predominantly in the morning and afternoon. While the perpetrator of the accident involving a motorcycle with a motorcycle, a motorcycle with a car.

Figure 4. Map Point Location Accident Prone Roads in Sragen

Based on the description of the accident that occurred most frequently at km 3.508 namely at the intersection is not signalized depann three Post Offices, therefore blackspot locations were selected to look for the solution masalan and the proposed handling of the accident-prone locations.

Results Presentation Accident Prone Point Display and Display-Based GIS Database

               The image below is the result of the appearance of the display system design and preparation of database applications at the point of the accident-prone locations based Geographical Information System with a view layer uses HTML popup and display of the compilation of the database by using geodatabase that are in accordance with the testing system.

Figure 5. Display Presentation Existing Condition and display Point Location Database Accident Prone In Harmony

Figure 5 is the result of the appearance of the application system design and preparation of the database at the point of the accident-prone locations based Geographical Information System with a view layer uses HTML popup and display of the compilation of the database by using geodatabase at the point of the accident-prone locations 111 010 732 Harmony at coordinates X and Y coordinates -7,429,551.

Figure 6. Display Presentation Existing Condition and View Point Location Database Home Accident Prone Post Offices

Figure 6 is the result of the appearance of the application system design and preparation of the database at the point of the accident-prone locations Home Post office-based Geographic Information System with a view layer uses HTML popup and display of the compilation of the database by using geodatabase at the point of the accident-prone locations 111 047 680 and the X coordinate Kpada Y coordinates -7,428,141.

Figure 7. Presentation and Display Database Existing Condition Point Location Near Bank BNI Accident Prone

               Figure 7 is the result of the appearance of the application system design and preparation of the database at the point of the accident-prone locations nearby Bank BNI-based Geographic Information System with a view layer uses HTML popup and display of the compilation of the database by using geodatabase at the point of the accident-prone locations on the X coordinate 111 026 124 Harmony and Y coordinates -7.42667 million.

Results Presentation of Proposed Placement of signs Based Geographic Information System

               The figure below illustrates the results of the display system design and preparation of database applications at the point of a Geographic Information System-based management with a view layer uses HTML popup form ususlan placement of the sign is accident-prone locations.

Figure 8. Presentation of the Proposed Placement Display Signs

CONCLUSION

Based on the analysis and discussion that has been done it could be concluded as follows:

a.       Based on analysis of accident-prone location determination is known that the point of the accident-prone locations on roads Sragen is at 2,716 km near Harmony, at km 3.508 next intersection Post Offices and at km 4.327 near Bank BNI.

b.      With the compilation of the database point of the accident-prone locations can facilitate updating the data, process and analyze the data so that it helps the policy holder to take steps to dealing with the point of the accident-prone locations.

c.       After the identification of the point of the accident-prone locations that were examined, the handling can be done is to equip facilities road equipment includes street lighting (PJU), intersection warning signs, speed limit signs and signs for restrictions to stop.

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